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The manufacture of silicon single crystals is one of the most important processes in the information technology industry. This book explains the details of liquid metal convection, providing a guide for the elegant operation and control of Czochralski crystal growth, including the effect of magnetic control. Also covered is the newly emerging research field of the application of strong magnetic field using a superconducting magnet. Model equations for the phenomena in the magnetic field are treated in detail, which will be of much use to researchers and engineers in the field. The coverage inc

Liquid metals. --- Silicon crystals --- Superconducting magnets. --- Epitaxy. --- Epitaxial growth --- Crystal growth --- Magnets, Superconducting --- Superconducting high-field magnets --- Electromagnets --- Superconductors --- Molten metals --- Liquids --- Metals --- Growth. --- Magnetic properties.

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Powder Metallurgy Diamond Tools is the first book of its kind to cover the role of powder metallurgy in the production of diamond-impregnated tool components. Providing essential information on modelling, design, composition, fabrication, performance, wear and applications, this book is ideal for manufacturers, tool designers, end-users, metallurgists, R&D departments, specifiers and consultants.Diamond-impregnated tools are used increasingly in industries where wear-resistant drills or cutting tools are required. The cobalt matrix in which the diamond is embedded is manufactured by pr

Diamonds, Industrial. --- Metal powders. --- Metal powders industry. --- Metal trade --- Metals, Powdered --- Powdered metals --- Powder metallurgy --- Powders --- Diamond tools --- Industrial diamonds --- Diamonds, Artificial --- Industrial minerals --- Tools

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Measurement techniques for characterisation of residual stress and distortion have improved significantly. More importantly the development and application of computational welding mechanics have been phenomenal. Through the collaboration of experts, this book provides a comprehensive treatment of the subject. It develops sufficient theoretical treatments on heat transfer, solid mechanics and materials behaviour that are essential for understanding and determining welding residual stress and distortion. It will outline the approach for computational analysis that engineers with sufficient back

Residual stresses. --- Cooling stresses --- Mechanical prestressing --- Metals --- Welding stresses --- Deformations (Mechanics) --- Stored energy of cold work --- Strains and stresses --- Strength of materials --- Residual stresses --- Fatigue --- Heat treatment

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Chalcogen-nitrogen chemistry involves the study of compounds that exhibit a linkage between nitrogen and sulfur, selenium or tellurium atoms. Such studies have both fundamental and practical importance. A Guide to Chalcogen-Nitrogen Chemistry examines the role of chalcogen-nitrogen compounds in areas ranging from solid-state inorganic chemistry to biochemistry.

Chalcogenides --- Inorganic compounds --- Inorganic cyclic compounds. --- Chalkogenides --- Compounds, Inorganic cyclic --- Inorganic ring systems --- Ring systems, Inorganic --- Cyclic compounds --- Chemistry, Inorganic --- Chemistry, Synthetic inorganic --- Inorganic synthesis (Chemistry) --- Synthetic inorganic chemistry --- Synthesis. --- Analysis. --- Synthesis --- Non-metals and their compounds

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The ability to understand and control the unique properties of interfaces has created an entirely new field of magnetism which already has a profound impact in technology and is providing the basis for a revolution in electronics. The last decade has seen dramatic progress in the development of magnetic devices for information technology but also in the basic understanding of the physics of magnetic nanostructures. This volume describes thin film magnetic properties and methods for characterising thin film structure topics that underpin the present 'spintronics' revolution in which devices are based on combined magnetic materials and semiconductors. Volume IV deals with the fundamentals of spintronics: magnetoelectronic materials, spin injection and detection, micromagnetics and the development of magnetic random access memory based on GMR and tunnel junction devices. Together these books provide readers with a comprehensive account of an exciting and rapidly developing field. The treatment is designed to be accessible both to newcomers and to experts already working in this field who would like to get a better understanding of this very diversified area of research.

Thin films --- Free electron theory of metals. --- Magnetic properties. --- Materials science. --- Magnetism. --- Magnetic materials. --- Optical materials. --- Electronic materials. --- Nanotechnology. --- Materials --- Thin films. --- Materials Science. --- Surfaces and Interfaces, Thin Films. --- Optical and Electronic Materials. --- Magnetism, Magnetic Materials. --- Surfaces. --- Energy-band theory of solids --- Metals --- Surfaces (Physics). --- Mathematical physics --- Physics --- Electricity --- Magnetics --- Molecular technology --- Nanoscale technology --- High technology --- Optics --- Surface chemistry --- Surfaces (Technology) --- Materials—Surfaces. --- Electronic materials --- Films, Thin --- Solid film --- Solid state electronics --- Solids --- Coatings --- Thick films